黄金科学技术 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 70-76.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2518.2014.02.070
郑玉荣1,吴新年1,罗晓玲2,王晓民3
ZHENG Yurong1,WU Xinnian1,LUO Xiaoling2,WANG Xiaomin3
摘要:
本文主要探讨国内外铂族金属尾气净化催化剂最新的研发及应用进展,通过供需数据分析近年来铂族金属在汽车尾气净化催化剂领域的应用情况,通过国内外文献及专利技术揭示铂族金属在汽车尾气净化催化剂领域的研发动向,重点分析了近年来如何减少使用铂族金属和如何提高催化性能的相关技术,此外还涉及到载体、蜂窝结构、捕集器、过渡金属氧化物、柴油尾气净化、尾气催化剂回收和对生物圈的影响等方面的研发进展。从研发技术趋势来看,铂族金属在汽车尾气催化净化剂方面的应用与研发更多的倾向于资源的合理应用、高效利用、以及尽可能的降低成本等方面,采取的措施包括比较昂贵的铂被较廉价的钯等替代、强化对铂族金属的性能活化、改善气体扩散性、设计合理的结构(包括比表面、孔径和孔体积等)、粒径的合理设置等方面。未来铂在个体汽车尾气净化催化剂上的用量将进一步减少,其他金属(如过渡金属氧化物)在协同铂族金属尽可能发挥催化活性的同时减少铂族金属的用量,以求在成本和效率方面找到最佳平衡点。
中图分类号:
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