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黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 734-742.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.05.117

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

三山岛金矿“三下”开采工艺优化与灾害防治

王善飞1(),王康1,马凤山2(),卢蓉2,3   

  1. 1.山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿,山东 莱州 261442
    2.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室,北京 100029
    3.山东黄金集团深井开采实验室,山东 济南 250101
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-02 修回日期:2020-08-28 出版日期:2020-10-31 发布日期:2020-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 马凤山 E-mail:wsf196606@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王善飞(1966-),男,山东章丘人,高级工程师,从事矿山地质与生产安全工作。wsf196606@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目“海底采矿对地质环境的胁迫影响与致灾机理”(41831293)

Optimization of Three-underground Mining Technology and Disaster Prevention in Sanshandao Gold Mine

Shanfei WANG1(),Kang WANG1,Fengshan MA2(),Rong LU2,3   

  1. 1.Sanshandao Gold Mine,Shandong Gold Mining (Laizhou) Co. ,Ltd. ,Laizhou 261442,Shandong,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China
    3.Deep Mining Laboratory Subsidiary of Shandong Gold Mining Technology Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinan 250101,Shandong,China
  • Received:2020-07-02 Revised:2020-08-28 Online:2020-10-31 Published:2020-11-05
  • Contact: Fengshan MA E-mail:wsf196606@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

摘要:

以“三下”开采矿山的工艺技术与灾害防控措施优化为目的,通过数值模拟的方法对三山岛金矿“三下”开采案例进行剖析,采用调查、模拟和监测等方法分析了“三下”矿山矿床的开采技术条件,结合充填法开采的相关参数分析“三下”开采对地表的影响。针对护顶矿柱与开采顺序进行分析,通过对比不同开采顺序方案的效果选取最优顺序方案。结果表明:房柱交替开采方法按隔二采一的开采方案进行开采对于矿山更为安全有效,房柱交替上升式充填采矿法使得矿石损失率由13%降为4%。结合分析结果,针对断层和地表水体等因素制定了严密的开采方案与防控措施,并对矿区地表进行沉降岩移监测,确保“三下”开采的安全和高效。

关键词: 三山岛金矿, “三下”开采, 开采条件, 技术方案, 安全措施

Abstract:

Sanshandao gold mine,belonging to Shandong gold mining (Laizhou) Co.,Ltd.,is located at Laizhou Bay of the northwest of Jiaodong Peninsula,Shandong Province.The surface of gold mine is covered by river,sea,roads and village,so Sanshandao gold mine is a typical three-underground mine.The purpose of this paper is to optimize the technology and control measures of the “three-underground” mining mine.Through analysis of “three-under” mining case of Sanshandao gold mine, the mining technical conditions was analyzed through investigation, simulation and monitoring methods, and the impact of “three under” mining on the surface was analyzed combined with the relevant parameters of the filling method.The main research objects are protected top pillar and mining sequence.The method of room and pillar alternately raised mining with backfill could reduce rate of ore loss.The rate of ore loss was reduced from 13% to 4%,which demonstrated the suitability of the method.Mining sequence is another object that influence mining safety and stability.Four mining plans were conducted by simulation models:Mining sequence of plan-1 was mining from one side to another;Mining sequence of plan-2 was mining from center to sides;Mining sequence of plan-3 was mining one every the other two panels;Mining sequence of plan-4 was mining from sides to center.Finally,the optimized mining sequence is plan-3.Fault was the major factor in mining safety,and F3 fault in Sanshandao gold mine have leaded to several water inrush accidents,so roadway engineering should keep away from F3 fault.But some roadways have to go through the F3 fault in reality.The first measure was reinforced the fracture zones by advance grouting.And put some pipes into the fracture zones in order to improve the engineering geological condition.For surface water body,the patrol system and emergency plan were set for prevent intrusion.In Sanshandao gold mine,345 GPS monitoring points were set to monitor surface deformation.The cover range of monitoring was 8.5 km2.The mining engineering influence was minimized to surface subsidence which showed the technology and measures were effective.In underground mining,IMS micro-seismic monitoring system was set in Sanshandao gold mine in 2012.A set of system of working in real time,dynamically,automatically was built for ground pressure monitoring.This system provided support for mining engineering safety and efficient.The mining engineering was also implemented based on principle of production-learning-research combination.Appropriate mining technical scheme and controlling measures are the guarantee of mining stability and sustainability.

Key words: Sanshandao gold mine, three-underground mining, mining conditions, technical scheme, safety measures

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

三山岛金矿矿体分布图1.断层及名称;2.矿体;3.海岸线;4.公路"

图2

三山岛金矿浅部采矿模型和点柱采矿示意图"

图3

交替上升充填采矿法回采纵投影图1.第一次回采范围;2.第二次回采范围;3.第三次回采范围;4.第四次回采范围;5.第五次回采范围;6.第六次回采范围"

图4

数值模拟计算模型范围"

表1

模型基础岩石力学参数"

岩体类型密度/(kg·m-3弹性模量/GPa黏聚力/ MPa摩擦角/(°)泊松比膨胀角/(°)抗拉强度/MPa抗压强度/MPa
上盘2 7064.035.7230.600.2053.1848.00
矿体2 7104.516.4332.600.1953.7260.00
下盘2 6355.1310.7036.940.2454.3158.00
充填体2 1000.230.17138.700.19100.172.11

图5

开采方案3的模型剖面图"

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