基于立方定律的断层流—热耦合数值计算方法

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.06.122

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于断层宽度远小于其延伸方向的尺寸，造成数值模型建模困难、计算效率低等问题。把断层概化为无几何厚度的空间曲面，并引用裂隙渗流理论中的立方定律对其进行渗流计算，可以有效降低建模难度。本研究旨在验证断层概化方法的可行性和合理性，并解决断层中的裂隙流与基岩中的达西流之间的流—热耦合问题。采用公式推导得出断层与基岩之间的流—热耦合控制方程，并使用数值模型的计算结果进行了验证分析。结果表明：当不考虑断层内部结构影响时，利用立方定律计算断层渗流的方法是可行的；耦合控制方程对基岩与断层之间的流—热耦合计算合理有效；随温度而变化的流体粘滞性对数值模型计算结果影响显著。

关键词: 立方定律, 断层, 流—热耦合, 数值计算, 热液型矿床, 裂隙渗流

Abstract:

For the ore-forming process of hydrothermal deposits，the seepage of fluids in the rock matrix and fissures （faults） produces material and energy transmission，and forms orebodies at specific locations with changes in temperature and pressure.Because the width of the fault is much smaller than the dimension of its extension direction，it causes problems such as difficulty in modeling numerical models and low calculation efficiency.According to the geometric characteristics of the fault，it can be generalized into a space surface to reduce the difficulty of modeling.The generalized fault uses the cubic law in rock mass fracture seepage theory to calculate the fault seepage problem.The seepage of hydrothermal fluid is not limited to faults，but also occurs in bedrock，and this process is calculated using Darcy’s law. The fracture flow in the fault and the Darcy flow in the bedrock interact with each other.In order to ensure the continuity of the pressure，velocity，mass，and energy of the seepage field in the numerical model calculation domain，the flow-heat coupling calculation is required.The purpose of this study is to verify the feasibility and rationality of the generalization method of the fault space surface，and to solve the problem of flow-heat coupling between the fissure flow in the fault and the Darcy flow in the bedrock.The viscosity of fluid has the property of changing with temperature.This article will discuss whether the change of viscosity has an effect on the calculation result of the numerical model initially.Based on the theoretical formula of cubic law，the formula is derived according to the characteristics of small fault thickness，and the flow-heat coupling control equation of fracture flow and Darcy flow is obtained. In order to verify the rationality of the control equations，numerical model experiments are used for verification and analysis.After analysis，it is considered that the method of calculating the seepage of the fault using cubic law is feasible when the internal structure of the fault is not taken into consideration，which can reduce the difficulty of modeling the numerical model.Because the fault uses a spatial surface，the reduction of the dimension compared to the overall model also brings increased computing efficiency. After analyzing the results of the numerical experiments，it is considered that the coupling control equation is reasonable and effective for the calculation of the flow-heat coupling between the bedrock and the fault，which is in accordance with the laws of seepage and heat conduction.Based on the original experimental numerical model，a model in which the viscosity coefficient of the fluid does not change with temperature is established，and the change curves of mass and heat conduction flux are compared.It is found whether the change of the fluid viscosity is considered to have a significant effect on the calculation result of the numerical model.

Key words: cubic law, fault, flow-thermal coupling, numerical calculation, hydrothermal deposit, fissure seepage

中图分类号:

P611

陈刚,马玲,龚红胜. 基于立方定律的断层流—热耦合数值计算方法[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2020, 28(6): 846-858.

Gang CHEN,Ling MA,Hongsheng GONG. Numerical Calculation Method of Fault Flow-Thermal Coupling Based on Cubic Law[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2020, 28(6): 846-858.

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地层	渗透率/m²	孔隙率	导热系数/（W·m^-1·K^-1）	密度/（kg·m^-3）	恒压热容/（J·kg^-1·K^-1）	隙宽/m	裂隙粗糙度
第一层	1.00E-14	0.1	2	2 300	900
第二层	1.00E-10	0.3	3	2 500	850
第三层	1.00E-11	0.3	3.5	2 700	850
断层		1	10	1 000	4 200	0.002	1.6

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