高原矿井分段式增氧通风数值模拟研究

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.05.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对高原矿井机械化掘进巷道传统扩散式增氧通风方案富氧效率较低及氧气资源浪费严重等问题，提出了一种新型分段式增氧通风方案。基于ANSYS-Fluent数值模拟软件，针对某海拔4 000 m的金属矿山掘进巷道，以掘进巷道需氧区域氧浓度提升至26%为目标，设计对比试验，分析传统扩散式增氧通风方案与分段式增氧通风方案掘进巷道的富氧扩散、氧气空间分布差异，并引入目标富氧偏离量和富氧输运效率2项指标，评估分段式增氧通风与传统扩散式增氧通风的富氧能力。结果表明：与传统扩散式增氧通风相比，分段式增氧通风的富氧扩散速率得到明显提升，增氧范围扩大，富氧耗时显著降低，巷道中段、末段需氧区域氧浓度分别上升至24.6%和25.5%，目标富氧偏移量降低至1.372，氧气利用率上升至50%，充分验证了分段式增氧通风方案富氧的有效性和优越性。该研究成果对于高原矿井制定机械化掘进巷道通风方式具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 高原矿井, 分段式增氧通风, 数值模拟, 目标富氧偏移量, 富氧输运效率

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of low oxygen enrichment efficiency and serious waste of oxygen resources in the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme of mechanized tunneling roadway in plateau mine，a new type of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme was proposed. Based on the ANSYS-Fluent numerical simulation software，a comparison test was designed for the tunneling roadway of a metal mine at an altitude of 4 000 m，its goal is to increase the oxygen concentration in the aerobic area of the tunneling roadway to 26%. The differences of oxygen enrichment diffusion and oxygen spatial distribution between traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme and the sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme were analyzed. In order to evaluate the oxygen enrichment capacity of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation and traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，two indexes of target oxygen enrichment deviation and oxygen-enrichment transport efficiency were introduced. The results were as follows：Firstly，compared with the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，the sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation transferred the oxygen-enriched focus from the front area of the roadway without oxygen enriched demand to the middle and rear area of the roadway with higher oxygen-enriched demand. The oxygen enriched time was reduced from more than 5 min to 3 min，the oxygen concentration in the aerobic zone of the middle and end section of the roadway were increased from 22.1% and 24.3% to 24.6% and 25.5%，the oxygen enriched diffusion rate and diffusion range were elevated significantly，the defects of traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，such as slow diffusion of oxygen enrichment，narrow range of oxygen enri-chment and insufficient oxygen enrichment in the middle and rear sections of roadway were all improved. Secondly，the oxygen spatial distribution in the middle and back section of the segmented oxygen-enrichment ventilation roadway was uniform，which solved the problems of large oxygen concentration difference between the left and right sides in the middle section in the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation method’s roadway，and none-oxygen spatial distribution in one side of the pressure air duct in the back section of the roadway.Thirdly，the oxygen enrichment time of heading machine driver’s breathing belt was reduced from 255 s to 177 s，and the oxygen concentration increased from 22.51% to 25.24%.The oxygen enrichment rate and oxygen enrichment concentration of heading machine driver’s breathing zone were significantly improved，which provided a cleaner breathing environment for heading machine driver and ensured the smooth progress of tunneling operation. Finally，compared with the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme，the target oxygen enrichment offset of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation was reduced from 4.385 to 1.372，and the oxygen utilization rate was increased from less than 5% to about 50%，which fully verified the oxygen enrichment effectiveness and superiority of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme，and the study has certain guiding significance for the development of mechanized tunneling ventilation mode in plateau mine.

Key words: plateau mine, sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation, numerical simulation, target oxygen enrichment offset, oxygen-enrichment transport efficiency

中图分类号:

TD724

邓红卫,钟智明,田广林. 高原矿井分段式增氧通风数值模拟研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021, 29(5): 698-708.

Hongwei DENG,Zhiming ZHONG,Guanglin TIAN. Numerical Simulation of Sectional Oxygen⁃Enrichment Ventilation in Plateau Mine[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(5): 698-708.

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通风方案	模型边界	边界类型	边界参数
分段式增氧通风	压风筒口	速度入口	10 m/s
	排风筒口	速度出口	8 m/s
	巷道出口	压力出口	0 Pa
	富氧扩散出口	流量入口	0.45 m3/s
	附壁风筒径向出口	速度入口	9.89 m/s

通风方案	呼吸带	富氧输运效率/%
分段式增氧通风	常规作业人员呼吸带	53.8
分段式增氧通风	掘进机驾驶员呼吸带	47.9
传统扩散式增氧通风	常规作业人员呼吸带	2.27
传统扩散式增氧通风	掘进机驾驶员呼吸带	2.35

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