黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 629-636.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.05.023
• 稀贵金属前沿快讯 • 下一篇
摘要:
为了系统地认识应力条件、矿岩特性和破岩参数等因素对深部硬岩截割特性的影响,梳理并总结了以往关于深部硬岩截割特性室内试验及非爆机械化破岩现场实践工作。根据3种应力环境对镐型截齿静态和动静组合破岩特性的影响,结合构建的截齿破岩峰值载荷理论及回归模型,发现硬岩在较低围压或无围压条件下具有安全高效的破碎表现;根据高单轴围压下截齿破岩扰动诱发岩爆的过程和机理,揭示了采矿过程中由开采扰动诱发高应力矿柱岩爆的发生机制;基于加卸荷诱导损伤、预切槽和预钻孔等人为诱导缺陷对镐型截齿破岩特性的影响研究,得到人为诱导缺陷可有效提高硬岩的可切割性,获得了改善硬岩可切割性的成套方法;现场试验了多种机械化破岩方法,提出了基于应力解除和动静组合破岩的预切槽硬岩矿体旋转振动连续截割设备及其施工工艺。研究结果可为深部硬岩矿体非爆机械化规模开采提供理论基础和现场实践经验。
中图分类号:
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