金川二矿区地应力特征及其对巷道变形破坏的影响研究

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.06.120

黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 817-825.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.06.120

金川二矿区地应力特征及其对巷道变形破坏的影响研究

李光^1,²(),马凤山^1,²(),郭捷^1,²,邹龙³,寇永渊³

^1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室，北京 100029
^2.中国科学院地球科学研究院，北京 100029
^3.金川集团股份有限公司，甘肃金昌 737100

收稿日期:2021-08-31 修回日期:2021-10-03 出版日期:2021-12-31 发布日期:2022-03-07
通讯作者: 马凤山 E-mail:liguang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
作者简介:李光（1991-），男，黑龙江双鸭山人，博士后，从事矿山工程地质研究工作。liguang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“深部矿山胶结充填体与围岩接触带力学行为及变形机理研究”(42072305);“金属矿山地下采动引起的竖井变形破坏机理研究”(41772341);国家自然科学基金重点项目“海底采矿对地质环境的胁迫影响与致灾机理”(41831293)

Study on Ground Stress Characteristics and Its Influence on Roadway De-formation Failure in Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area

Guang LI^1,²(),Fengshan MA^1,²(),Jie GUO^1,²,Long ZOU³,Yongyuan KOU³

^1.Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
^2.Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
^3.Jinchuan Group Co. , Ltd. , Jinchang 737100, Gansu, China

Received:2021-08-31 Revised:2021-10-03 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-03-07
Contact: Fengshan MA E-mail:liguang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着地下工程建设不断向地球更深处发展，高地应力已成为影响深部巷道围岩稳定性的关键因素。针对金川二矿区高地应力问题，总结研究区地应力分布特征，采用离散元数值方法计算了3种不同地应力条件下巷道围岩的变形破坏过程。所得主要结论包括：（1）研究区地应力分布离散性较强，已测最大主应力多数为水平方向，但随着埋深的增加，竖直主应力逐渐接近水平主应力；（2）均质围岩巷道变形模式主要为顶板下沉和底鼓，变形主要依靠塑性流动，高地应力未改变巷道围岩变形模式，但加剧了其破坏程度；（3）在以水平地应力为主导的条件下开挖巷道，应加强顶、底板的支护，且塑性变形往往具有显著的时间效应，施工中应对巷道变形进行周期性监测。

关键词: 金川铜镍矿, 高地应力, 深部巷道, 变形破坏, PFC, 支护措施

Abstract:

With the development of underground engineering construction to the deeper earth，high ground stress has become a key factor affecting the stability of deep roadway surrounding rock.Under the action of high in-situ stress，the mechanical behavior characteristics and microstructure of deep rock mass change significantly compared with shallow rock mass，which is the cause of frequent mining accidents in deep underground engineering，and also the research focus in the field of rock mechanics.Taking Jinchuan No.2 mining area，a typical high in-situ stress mining area，as the background，this paper summarizes the in-situ stress distribution characteristics of the study area according to the previous measured data.On this basis，the discrete element numerical simulation method was used to calibrate the rock mechanical parameters based on the laboratory test of rock samples in the study area，and the tunnel models under three different in-situ stress conditions were established.According to the simulation results，the development process of roadway surrounding rock deformation under different conditions was described，the deformation failure characteristics of roadway in each model were compared，the influence of ground stress on roadway deformation failure was analyzed，and the corresponding control methods were proposed.The main conclusions of the study include：（1）Due to the influence of complex geological background，the distribution of ground stress in Jinchuan No.2 mining area is highly discrete.In the measured data，there are more than 80% of the measure points show that maximum horizontal principal stress is greater than the vertical principal stress，and the stress of primary rock is mostly horizontal.In shallow mining areas，the growth rate of horizontal stress is greater than that of vertical stress.With the increase of buried depth，the increment speed of horizontal stress gradually decreases，and the vertical principal stress gradually approaches the maximum horizontal principal stress.（2）Without the influence of structural planes，the deformation mode of homogeneous surrounding rock roadway is mainly roof subsidence and floor heave，and the deformation is mainly dependent on plastic flow.With the continuous increasing of in-situ stress，the total deformation and deformation velocity of roadway are increasing.Ground stress does not change the deformation mode of roadway surrounding rock，but intensifies its failure degree.（3）When roadway excavation is carried out under geological conditions dominated by horizontal ground stress，support of roof and floor should be adopted to maintain the overall stability of roadway.In addition，because of the significant time effect of plastic deformation，the cracking caused by the compression of roadway lining also has a certain lag.Thus，the deformation of roadway should be regularly monitored in the construction in case of the dangerous deformation.The research results can provide theoretical reference for safe and efficient deep mining in Jinchuan No.2 mining area.

Key words: Jinchuan copper-nickel mine, high in-situ stress, deep roadway, deformation failure, PFC, supporting measure

中图分类号:

TD353

李光,马凤山,郭捷,邹龙,寇永渊. 金川二矿区地应力特征及其对巷道变形破坏的影响研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021, 29(6): 817-825.

Guang LI,Fengshan MA,Jie GUO,Long ZOU,Yongyuan KOU. Study on Ground Stress Characteristics and Its Influence on Roadway De-formation Failure in Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(6): 817-825.

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编号	深度/m	σ_H/MPa	σ_h/MPa	σ_v/MPa	k
1	20	2.4	2.3	0.54	4.444444
2	44	4.2	3.5	1.19	3.529412
3	120	7.8	3.1	3.24	2.407407
4	240	15.2	14.6	6.48	2.345679
5	375	18.7	22.2	12.42	1.95459
6	460	24.5	13.3	12.96	1.505636
7	480	24.5	15.4	12.96	1.890432
8	480	21	13.2	18.6	1.129032
9	550	19.8	10.8	10.13	1.890432
10	570	26.7	12.4	18.6	1.435484
11	730	17.3	11.5	20.4	0.848039
12	730	22.4	6.4	15.1	1.483444
13	730	20.7	11.9	16.1	1.471591
14	730	19.9	11.6	16.4	1.285714
15	730	20.2	11.9	16.9	1.213415
16	740	19.9	7.4	18.5	1.195266
17	740	25.3	7.1	15.9	1.075676
18	750	25.9	10.8	17.6	1.591195
19	755	24.5	9.2	17.3	1.416185
20	780	20.2	13.1	22.5	0.897778
21	780	28.1	12.9	25.4	1.106299
22	790	26.2	15.6	22.5	1.164444
23	810	22.4	14.3	26.6	0.842105
24	816	25.5	6.7	22.9	1.113537
25	820	21.4	20.8	24.2	0.884298
26	938	37.1	36.4	26.9	1.379182
27	970	25.5	23.9	31.6	0.806962
28	970	22.2	9.3	29.7	0.747475
29	970	37.5	13.2	27.3	1.373626
30	970	34.5	14.2	24.2	1.42562
31	975	39.3	31.4	28.9	1.359862

材料	变量参数	数值	材料	变量参数	数值
颗粒	密度/（kg·m^-3）	2500	胶结物	弹性模量/GPa	20
	最小半径/mm	60		刚度比	1
	粒径比	1.67		抗拉强度/MPa	20
	孔隙率	0.1		黏聚力/MPa	20
	弹性模量/GPa	20		摩擦角/（°）	25
	刚度比	2		黏结半径系数	1.5
	摩擦系数	0.5

深度/m	水平地应力/MPa	竖直地应力/MPa	k
550	19.80	10.13	1.890432
750	25.90	17.60	1.591195
1 000	39.30	28.90	1.359862

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金川二矿区地应力特征及其对巷道变形破坏的影响研究

Study on Ground Stress Characteristics and Its Influence on Roadway De-formation Failure in Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area

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