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黄金科学技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 414-426.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.03.130

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于RHT模型双孔同时爆破均质岩体损伤的数值模拟

王卫华(),刘洋(),张理维,张恒根   

  1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-17 修回日期:2022-03-10 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘洋 E-mail:xhaiyz@163.com;1137510136@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王卫华(1976-),男,湖南长沙人,教授,从事岩体动力学、爆破及安全工程研究工作。xhaiyz@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“高应力硬岩硐室板裂致灾机制及其风险控制支护方法”(51874354)

Numerical Simulation of Homogeneous Rock Mass Damage Caused by Two-hole Simultaneous Blasting Based on RHT Model

Weihua WANG(),Yang LIU(),Liwei ZHANG,Henggen ZHANG   

  1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
  • Received:2021-09-17 Revised:2022-03-10 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-09-14
  • Contact: Yang LIU E-mail:xhaiyz@163.com;1137510136@qq.com

摘要:

为探究双孔爆破时炮孔间距和额外自由面对爆破过程中爆破损伤的影响,基于RHT(Riedel-Hiermaier-Thoma)损伤本构建立了多组三维数值模型,利用模型损伤云图研究不同爆破条件下的岩石爆破过程,通过自定义变量—有效损伤率的变化探究炮孔周围岩石损伤的时空演化过程。结果表明:随着炮孔间距的增加,岩石有效损伤率逐渐递减,相同截面处的有效损伤率在炮孔间距最小的方案中最大,相邻炮孔间的爆破能量叠加作用随炮孔间距的增大而减弱,合适的炮孔间距可以获得更加理想的爆破效果;岩石有效损伤率随着自由面到炮孔中心处距离的增大而逐渐减小,爆破能量倾向于向自由面方向传播,额外自由面对爆破能量分布的影响随自由面与炮孔间距的增大而减弱。数值模拟结果对研究双孔爆破能量的传递法则具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词: 双孔爆破, 数值模拟, RHT模型, 炮孔间距, 自由面, 岩石有效损伤率

Abstract:

Due to the complex nature of rock mass and the different transfer modes of explosive energy,it is difficult to control the blasting process and blasting effect.After blasting,the damage of rock mass around blast holes is related to the bearing capacity and stability of the project.In order to explore the influence of blast hole spacing and additional free surface on the blasting process and effect during double-hole blasting,a double-hole blasting model was established based on RHT (Riedel Hiermaier Thoma) damage constitutive model by using LS-DYNA finite element software to simulate rock blasting damage under different working conditions.The experiment of previous scholars was repeated by numerical simulation,and the test results were compared with the numerical simulation results in this paper to verify the feasibility of the numerical simulation method and the rationality of the selection of material parameters.Through the comparative analysis between numerical simulation results and blasting experimental results,it is determined that the rock blasting damage threshold applicable to this paper is 0.5 based on the blasting mechanism,and the rock damage value greater than 0.5,which is called the effective damage of rock.The effective damage rate of rock is defined as the proportion of the effective damage range of rock in the plane damage cloud map to the total plane area.The change of effective damage rate of rock is used to intuitively show the temporal and spatial evolution law of rock damage in the blasting process.The rock damage nephograms at different times were intercepted to observe the damage in different directions of the rock after blasting.The damage nephograms were processed by LS-PrePost to obtain the distribution range of effective damage on the plane.Then,the MATLAB program was used to calculate the effective damage rate,and the numerical calculation and analysis were carried out.The results show that the effective damage rate of rock decreases with the increase of blast hole spacing,and the effective damage rate at the same section is the largest in the scheme with the smallest blast hole spacing.The superposition effect of blasting energy between adjacent blastholes decreases with the increase of blast hole spacing,and a more ideal blasting effect can be obtained with an appropriate blast hole spacing.The effective damage rate of rock decreases gradually with the increase of the distance between the free surface and the center of the blast hole,and the blasting energy tends to propagate to the free surface.The influence of additional free surface on the distribution of blasting energy decreases with the increase of the distance between the free surface and the blast hole.

Key words: double-hole blasting, numerical simulation, RHT model, hole spacing, free surface, effective damage rate of rock

中图分类号: 

  • TD235

表1

岩石RHT模型基本参数"

参数符号参数名称取值
RO密度/(kg·m-32 660
FS*相对抗剪强度/MPa0.21
FT*相对抗拉强度/MPa0.04
SHEAR弹性剪切模量/GPa21.9
FC单轴抗压强度/MPa167.8
D1损伤系数0.04
D21
EOC参考压缩应变率3.0E-5
EOT参考拉伸应变率3.0E-6
EC失效压缩应变率3.0E+25
ET失效拉伸应变率3.0E+25
BETAC压缩应变率指数0.0074
BETAT拉伸应变率指数0.0104
A失效面参数2.51
N0.72
Q0拉—压子午比参数0.68
B罗德角相关系数0.05
GC*压缩屈服面参数0.53
GT*拉伸屈服面参数0.7
PFT压缩对拉伸塑性流动的影响0.001
EPSF侵蚀塑性应变2.0
XI剪切模量衰减系数0.5
EPM最小失效应变0.015
AF残余强度面参数0.25
NF0.62
ALPHA初始空隙率1.08
NP孔隙度指数3.0
PEL压碎压力/MPa115.4
PCO压实压力/GPa6
GAMMA状态方程参数(体积压缩)/GPa0.0
A136.22
A253.22
A323.15
B0状态方程参数1.22
B11.22
T1状态方程参数(体积膨胀)/GPa36.22
T20.0

表2

炸药材料参数"

参数取值参数取值
Ρ/(kg·m-31 300R14.2
D/(m·s-14 000R20.9
A/kPa2 14.4ω0.15
B/kPa0.182E0/kPa4.192

表3

空气材料参数"

参数取值参数取值
ρ/(kg·m-31.29C40.4
C00C50.4
C10C60
C20E0/kPa2.5
C30

图1

数值模拟与模型试验结果对比"

图2

离炮孔壁不同距离处的岩石峰值压力"

图3

不同损伤程度岩石分布范围"

图4

炮孔装填结构与双孔爆破数值模型示意图(炮孔间距为0.6 m)"

图5

双孔爆破典型时刻损伤云图"

图6

不同孔间距下双孔爆破各方案最终岩石损伤分布图"

图7

双孔爆破“切片”示意图(以炮孔间距0.6 m为例)"

图8

各方案在X1和X2方向的径向有效损伤率"

图9

存在2个自由面的炮孔装填结构与双孔爆破数值模型示意图(炮孔距自由面 0.6 m)"

图10

典型时刻岩石的损伤云图"

图11

各方案爆后空腔"

图12

各方案在Y1和Y2方向的径向有效损伤率"

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