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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 835-844.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.05.056

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

物质流视角下稀土企业全产业链发展仿真研究

刘贻玲1,2,3(),钟一霞3()   

  1. 1.江西理工大学矿业发展研究中心,江西 赣州 341000
    2.赣南科技学院赣州市智能会计重点实验室,江西 赣州 341000
    3.江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-15 修回日期:2023-07-09 出版日期:2023-10-31 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 钟一霞 E-mail:niutianbaobao@yeah.net;2530559215@qq.com
  • 作者简介:刘贻玲(1982-),女,江西九江人,副教授,从事资源经济与管理研究工作。niutianbaobao@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    2022年江西省研究生创新专项资金项目“基于物质流分析的稀土企业全产业链预警控制研究”(YC2022-S686);江西省人文社科课题规划项目“离子型稀土矿山企业完全成本预警控制系统实证研究”(GL21107);2022年江西省教育厅科技项目“动载冲击膏体充填体力学特性及损伤模型研究”(GJJ2203606)

Simulation Study on Development of the Whole Industrial Chain of Rare Earth Enterprises from the Perspective of Material Flow

Yiling LIU1,2,3(),Yixia ZHONG3()   

  1. 1.Mining Development Research Center,Jiangxi University of Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
    2.Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Accounting,Gannan University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
    3.School of Economics Management,Jiangxi University of Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2023-04-15 Revised:2023-07-09 Online:2023-10-31 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Yixia ZHONG E-mail:niutianbaobao@yeah.net;2530559215@qq.com

摘要:

稀土是我国重要的战略性资源,在国际市场及维护国家安全方面有着举足轻重的地位,全面打通稀土企业全产业链的堵点和难点对我国掌握发展主动权尤为关键。基于物质流视角,构建了稀土企业全产业链物质流框架及评价指标体系,在此基础上运用系统动力学梳理了稀土企业全产业链活动过程影响因素之间的作用关系,建立了稀土企业全产业链发展动态仿真模型。选择厦门钨业作为研究对象,利用Vensim软件对模型进行仿真模拟研究,找出影响稀土企业全产业链的主要因素,有针对性地提出优化稀土企业全产业链活动的有效策略和建议,为促进稀土全产业链协同发展提供相关思路。

关键词: 物质流分析, 稀土企业, 全产业链, 评价体系, 仿真研究

Abstract:

Rare earths are important strategic resource in China,which plays an important role in the international markets and ensuring national security.It is crucial for China to comprehensively solve the bottlenecks and challenges in the whole industry chain of rare earth enterprises in order to take control of its development.Based on the literature review of rare earth material flow accounting,it is observed that previous studies mainly focused on the material flow accounting framework for rare earth elements,with limited research on the construction of material flow accounting frameworks of the whole industrial chain,likewise,there is a scarcity of literature on the establishment of evaluation indicators for material flow in the whole industrial chain of rare earth enterprises from a material flow perspective.Therefore,this paper combines the interdisciplinary analysis methods such as material flow and system dynamics,firstly the material flow framework and evaluation indicator system of the whole industrial chain of rare earth enterprises were constructed from the perspective of material flow.On this basis,the relationships between influencing factors of the development level of the whole supply chain of rare earth enterprises were systematically analyzed using system dynamics,and a model for the development level of the entire supply chain of rare earth enterprises was established.Through simulation analysis of the model,the impact of each influencing factor on the development level of the entire industry chain of rare earth was clearly demonstrated,and relevant policy proposals and suggestions were put forward,with a view to identify the key points that hinder the development of the rare earth industry chain and provide insights to overcome the obstacles and challenges for achieving high-quality development of the rare earth industry chain in China.

Key words: material flow analysis, rare earth enterprises, whole industry chain, evaluation system, simulation study

中图分类号: 

  • F406.72

图1

稀土企业全产业链物质流分析框架图"

表1

稀土企业全产业链物质流评价指标及计算公式"

一级指标二级指标计算公式单位
资源消耗指标资源消耗量(陈玮等,2022)开采量+进口量+循环利用量投入/万t
单位产值水耗(曾绍伦等,2009)用水总量/企业产值投入/(t·万元-1
资本投入指标营业成本(罗翔等,2021)主营业务成本+其他业务成本投入/万元
研发费用研发费用投入/万元
环境成本社会环境成本+企业环境成本投入/万元
资源产出指标资源产出率(廖文梅等,2016)企业产值/主要资源消耗量产出/%
生产产出指标营业收入(罗翔等,2021)主营业务收入+其他业务收入产出/万元
循环利用指标固废综合利用率(员学锋等,2018)固体废物综合利用量/固体废物排放量产出/%

环境保护指标

(廖文梅等,2016)

单位产值废水排放废水最终排放量/企业产值产出/(万t·万元-1
单位产值固体废物排放固体废物最终排放量/企业产值产出/(万t·万元-1
单位产值废气排放废气最终排放量/企业产值产出/(万m3·万元-1

图2

稀土企业全产业链发展水平因果关系图"

图3

稀土企业全产业链发展水平简化模型"

表2

仿真值与真实值的对比"

年份环境成本/元稀土营业成本/元
仿真值真实值仿真值真实值
201762 482 00062 481 970.281 894 590 0001 894 592 017
201885 720 40085 720 419.332 214 420 0002 214 422 018
2019167 923 000167 922 980.32 180 120 0002 180 123 600
202088 656 20088 656 240.242 641 670 0002 641 672 020

图4

单个变量各自变化的灵敏性分析图"

图5

多个变量同时变化的灵敏性分析图"

图6

各变量变化对稀土企业全产业链发展水平的影响趋势图"

表3

4种方案下主要指标仿真值对比"

方案年份发展水平研发投入/万元政府补助/万元环境成本/万元稀土营业收入/万元
20210.4443127 57519 155.314 860.1469 724
方案120240.5801214 77638 321.921 151.5744 233
20270.7537277 60046 339.727 591.7975 859
20210.5867153 09019 155.314 860.1563 668.8
方案220240.8299257 73138 321.921 151.5893 079.6
20271.1589333 12046 339.727 591.71 171 030.8
20210.7044153 09022 986.3614 860.1563 668.8
方案320240.9964257 73145 986.2821 151.5893 079.6
20271.3915333 12055 607.6427 591.71 171 030.8
20210.7962153 09022 986.3611 888.1563 668.8
方案420241.1263257 73145 986.2816 921.2893 079.6
20271.5728333 12055 607.6422 073.31 171 030.8
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