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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 978-989.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.06.039

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

资源型企业数字化转型的组态路径研究

郑明贵1,2(),顾东明1(),陶思敏1,陈美玲1   

  1. 1.江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
    2.中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-03 修回日期:2023-06-28 出版日期:2023-12-31 发布日期:2024-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 顾东明 E-mail:mgz268@sina.com;2328891377@qq.com
  • 作者简介:郑明贵(1978-),男,安徽颍上人,教授,博士生导师,从事资源经济与管理方面的研究工作。mgz268@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目“大数据环境下的评价理论、方法和应用”(71631006)

Study on the Configuration Path of Digital Transformation of Resource-based Enterprises

Minggui ZHENG1,2(),Dongming GU1(),Simin TAO1,Meiling CHEN1   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
    2.School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
  • Received:2023-03-03 Revised:2023-06-28 Online:2023-12-31 Published:2024-01-26
  • Contact: Dongming GU E-mail:mgz268@sina.com;2328891377@qq.com

摘要:

推进资源型企业数字化转型,是破解企业发展困境和实现高质量发展的有效路径。基于“压力—能力—动力”视角,采用NCA和fsQCA方法,对我国资源型企业数字化转型进行组态分析。研究发现:资源型企业数字化转型并非由单一条件驱动,而是多条件协同联动的结果;产生高水平数字化转型的组态有3种类型,即以大型企业为主的回应压力的创新能力驱动型、压力下的政府引领型和以中小型企业为主的综合驱动型;产生非高水平数字化转型的组态有2种类型,即安居乐业型和创新能力与动力双弱型;市场竞争在资源型企业数字化转型中发挥着关键作用。研究结果揭示了不同资源型企业数字化转型中各因素间的交互作用,可以为资源型企业实现数字化转型提供理论指导和路径参考。

关键词: 资源型企业, 数字化转型, 组态路径, 协同联动效应, NCA方法, fsQCA方法

Abstract:

Promoting the digital transformation of resource-based enterprises is an effective path to crack the development dilemma of enterprises and achieve high-quality development.Due to the significant differences in resource-based enterprises’ resource endowments and transformation capabilities,the degree of digital transformation also shows significant differences.So,what combination of influencing factors can effectively promote the digital transformation of resource-based enterprises?What are the differentiated transformation paths that different resource-based enterprises should follow?At the same time,the digital transformation of resource-based enterprises is a complex systemic project,and previous studies are limited in exploring it only from a single dimension.This paper took resource-based enterprises in China as the research object,from the perspective of “pressure-capacity-drive”,it refined into six antecedent conditions:market competition,growth capability,resource integration capability,innovation capability,enterprise size and financial support.Using NCA and fsQCA methods,it analyzed the relationship between the six antecedent conditions and the NCA and fsQCA methods were used to analyze the complex causal relationships between the six antecedent conditions and the digital transformation of resource-based enterprises.The study found that:The digital transformation of resource-based enterprises is not driven by a single condition,but it is the result of the synergy of multiple conditions.There are three types of groupings that generate high-level digital transformation,namely,the innovation capability-driven type that responds to pressure,the government-led type under pressure and the comprehensive-driven type,mainly by SMEs.There are two types of groupings that generate non-high-level digital transformation,namely,the settled type and the type with both weak innovation capability and drive.And market competition plays a key role in the digital transformation of resource-based enterprises.The results of the study reveal the interaction between various factors in the digital transformation of different resource-based enterprises,which can provide theoretical guidance and path references for resource-based enterprises to realise digital transformation.

Key words: resource-based enterprises, digital transformation, configuration path, synergy linkage effect, NCA method, fsQCA method

中图分类号: 

  • F270

图1

资源型企业数字化转型理论分析框架"

表1

资源型企业行业分类"

企业所属行业行业代码行业名称
开采洗选业B06煤炭开采和洗选业
B07石油和天然气开采业
B08黑色金属矿采选业
B09有色金属矿采选业
B10非金属矿采选业
初级加工业C25石油加工及炼焦业
C26化学原料和化学制品制造业
C30非金属矿物制品业
C31黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业
C32有色金属冶炼和压延加工业
C33金属制品业
D44电力和热力生产供应业

表2

企业数字化转型关键词"

维度分类词语分词词典
数字技术应用数据、数字、数字化数据管理,数据挖掘,数据网络,数据平台,数据中心,数据科学,数字控制,数字技术,数字通信,数字网络,数字智能,数字终端,数字营销,数字化,大数据,云计算,云IT,云生态,云服务,云平台,区块链,物联网,机器学习
互联网商业模式互联网、电商移动互联网,工业互联网,产业互联网,互联网解决方案,互联网技术,互联网思维,互联网行动,互联网业务,互联网移动,互联网应用,互联网营销,互联网战略,互联网平台,互联网模式,互联网商业模式,互联网生态,电子商务,Internet,“互联网+”,线上线下,线上到线下,线上和线下,O2O,B2B,C2C,B2C,C2B
智能制造智能、智能化、自动、数控、一体化、集成人工智能,高端智能,工业智能,移动智能,智能控制,智能终端,智能移动,智能管理,智能工厂,智能物流,智能制造,智能仓储,智能技术,智能设备,智能生产,智能网联,智能系统,智能化,自动控制,自动监测,自动监控,自动检测,自动生产,数控,一体化,集成化,集成解决方案,集成控制,集成系统,工业云,未来工厂,智能故障诊断,生命周期管理,生产制造执行系统,虚拟化,虚拟制造
现代信息系统信息、信息化、网络化信息共享,信息管理,信息集成,信息软件,信息系统,信息网络,信息终端,信息中心,信息化,网络化,工业信息,工业通信

表3

NCA方法必要条件分析结果"

前因条件方法

精确度

/%

上限区域范围效应量dP
市场竞争CR1000.000.950.001.00
CE1000.000.950.001.00
成长能力CR1000.001.000.001.00
CE1000.001.000.001.00
资源整合能力CR1000.001.000.000.01
CE1000.001.000.000.01
创新能力CR1000.001.000.001.00
CE1000.001.000.001.00
企业规模CR1000.001.000.001.00
CE1000.001.000.001.00
财政支持CR1000.001.000.001.00
CE1000.001.000.001.00

表4

NCA方法瓶颈水平分析结果"

数字化转型水平/%

市场

竞争

成长

能力

资源整合能力

创新

能力

企业

规模

财政

支持

0NNNNNNNNNNNN
10NNNNNNNNNNNN
20NNNNNNNNNNNN
30NNNNNNNNNNNN
40NNNNNNNNNNNN
50NNNNNNNNNNNN
60NNNNNNNNNNNN
70NNNNNNNNNNNN
80NNNNNNNNNNNN
90NNNNNNNNNNNN
100NNNN1.0NNNNNN

表5

fsQCA方法必要条件分析"

前因变量高水平数字化转型非高水平数字化转型
一致性覆盖度一致性覆盖度
市场竞争0.61670.58400.53580.5998
~市场竞争0.57740.51280.62840.6596
成长能力0.68010.64700.64270.7228
~成长能力0.70860.62660.68610.7171
资源整合能力0.64000.64310.60670.7205
~资源整合能力0.72180.60820.69950.6967
创新能力0.69630.66460.60990.6881
~创新能力0.67320.59350.70270.7323
企业规模0.69590.65400.59270.6585
~企业规模0.63670.56940.68860.7280
财政支持0.71720.67100.65310.7223
~财政支持0.70330.63170.70260.7459

表6

产生高水平数字化转型的组态"

前因条件产生高水平数字化转型的组态
H1aH1bH1cH2H3aH3b
市场竞争
成长能力
资源整合能力
创新能力
企业规模
财政支持
一致性0.87100.88910.86760.85690.84910.8703
原始覆盖率0.29830.28630.30070.31330.33040.3210
唯一覆盖率0.01220.00590.01420.04830.01400.0103
总一致性0.8276
总覆盖度0.4641

表7

产生非高水平数字化转型的组态"

前因条件产生非高水平数字化转型的组态
NH1aNH1bNH1cNH1dNH1eNH1fNH2
市场竞争
成长能力
资源整合能力
创新能力
企业规模
财政支持
一致性0.83360.81540.85310.85740.87330.89520.9046
原始覆盖率0.38670.34880.37920.34750.31070.31700.2135
唯一覆盖率0.01170.00510.00630.01020.01830.04460.0923
总一致性0.8026
总覆盖度0.6214

表8

国有企业和非国有企业高水平数字化转型的组态"

前因条件国有企业非国有企业
S1aS1bS1cI1aI1bI2aI2bI3I4
市场竞争
成长能力
资源整合能力
创新能力
企业规模
财政支持
一致性0.88770.89780.89190.82700.83520.86340.86120.87730.8957
原始覆盖率0.07610.07280.09610.30990.25880.26810.28570.23490.2212
唯一覆盖率0.04120.03900.05350.02310.00540.01570.02490.01320.0047
总一致性0.87910.8053
总覆盖度0.17920.4334

表9

提高案例频数阈值的稳健性检验"

前因条件产生高水平数字化转型的组态
Y1aY1bY1cY2Y3aY3b
市场竞争
成长能力
资源整合能力
创新能力
企业规模
财政支持
一致性0.87100.88910.86760.86690.84910.8703
原始覆盖率0.29830.28630.30070.28130.33040.3210
唯一覆盖率0.01220.00590.01420.04260.01400.0103
总一致性0.8280
总覆盖度0.4583
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