我国大变形锚杆研究现状及发展趋势

王贺; 陈何; 曹辉

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.01.074

黄金科学技术 >

2020 , Vol. 28 >Issue 1: 112 - 123

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.01.074

采选技术与矿山管理

我国大变形锚杆研究现状及发展趋势

王贺 ^,¹^,² ,
陈何 ¹^,² ,
曹辉 ¹^,²

展开

^1. 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司，北京 102628
^2. 国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心，北京 102628

王贺（1988-），男，吉林四平人，工程师，从事矿山岩石力学研究与设计工作。wanghe@bgrimm.com

收稿日期: 2019-06-27

修回日期: 2019-10-09

网络出版日期: 2020-02-26

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目“深部大矿段采动环境监测及地压动态调控技术”(2017YFC0602904)

收起

Research Status and Trends of Large Deformation Rock Bolts in China

He WANG ^,¹^,² ,
He CHEN ¹^,² ,
Hui CAO ¹^,²

Expand

^1. Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Technology Group，Beijing 102628，China
^2. National Centre for International Research on Green Metal Mining，Beijing 102628，China

Received date: 2019-06-27

Revised date: 2019-10-09

Online published: 2020-02-26

Fold

本文亮点

系统地介绍了我国大变形锚杆的研发现状。通过总结分析现有锚杆设计方案，提出了基于作用机理的大变形锚杆类型划分建议；选取5种典型的设计方案解析了各类型大变形锚杆的优缺点；在此基础上，进一步总结了现有技术方案存在的主要问题，据此对大变形锚杆未来发展趋势提出了几点认识。研究认为：我国大变形锚杆可划分为结构型、材料本质型和其他类型三大类；结构型大变形锚杆包含摩擦型、剪切型和活塞型3个亚类；为进一步促进大变形锚杆的发展，针对结构型锚杆应进一步优化结构、优选锚杆材料、优化制造工艺并保证产品质量稳定性；加大新型杆体材料的开发与应用研究力度；发展具有监测功能的大变形锚杆，将监测技术与大变形锚杆设计相融合，拓展大变形锚杆的应用前景。

本文引用格式

王贺 , 陈何 , 曹辉 . 我国大变形锚杆研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2020 , 28(1) : 112 -123 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.01.074

Highlights

The large deformation rock bolt overcomes the small deformation failure behavior of the traditional bolt，and can effectively solve the support and disaster prevention problems of the weak surrounding rock，the deep buried rheological rock and the rockburst area.It is a hot research topic in deep engineering technology. In order to summarize the research and development status of large deformation rock bolts in China，discuss the bottleneck problems faced by current research and development，grasp the possible trends of future development，and summarize the development process of large deformation rock bolts at China and abroad，the existing 50 typical designs in China were summarized and analyzed.The scheme proposed a type division suggestion based on the action mechanism； five typical schemes of different types were selected to further analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each type of large deformation rock bolts； on this basis，the main problems of the prior art scheme were discussed.Based on this，some understandings on future research and development trends were proposed.The research indicates that the large deformation bolts in China can be divided into 3 types，these are structural type，material intrinsic type and other type.Among them，the main feature of the structural type is that it contains a certain structure，which provides support resistance through sliding of the structure and coordinated deformation of the rock mass.The amount of deformation of the structure is the amount of stretching of the rock bolts. Such rock bolts can be subdivided into three sub-classes of friction type，shear type and piston type； the material type is to optimize the deformation characteristics of the material of the bolt by using the preferred anchor material or designing a certain structure.The yield strength and yield deformation are the support and ultimate deformation of the bolt； the structural type is the main solution in China，further optimizing the structure，optimizing the bolt material，improving the manufacturing process，and ensuring the product quality stability.For the research of material intrinsic bolt, it is important to focus on the development and application of new rod materials, such as negative Poisson’s ratio materials, which is also one of the most potential directions for the development of large-deformation anchors. The combination of deformation bolt technology and the development of large deformation anchors with monitoring function are conducive to the continuous monitoring of disturbance stress and convergence deformation of surrounding rock in the whole life cycle of underground engineering. It is one of the research directions worthy of attention in the future.

[an error occurred while processing this directive]

参考文献

原文顺序 | 文献年度倒序 | 文中引用次数倒序

1	王刚，吴学震，蒋宇静，等.大变形锚杆—围岩耦合模型及其计算方法[J]. 岩土力学，2014，35（3）：887-895. Wang Gang， Wu Xuezhen， Jiang Yujing，et al. Coupling model and calculation method of yielding bolt and rockmass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics，2014，35（3）：887-895.

2	李晓军，李世民，徐宝.岩土锚杆、锚索的新发展及展望[J]. 施工技术，2015，44（7）：37-43. Li Xiaojun， Li Shimin， Xu Bao.New development and prospect of geotechnical bolts and cable-bolts[J].Construction Technology，2015，44（7）：37-43.

3	谢和平. “深部岩体力学与开采理论”研究构想与预期成果展望[J]. 工程科学与技术，2017，49（2）：1-16. Xie Heping. Research framework and anticipated results of deep rock mechanics and mining theory[J]. Advanced Engineering Sciences，2017，49（2）：1-16.

4	樊俊，郭源阳，董树文. DREAM—国家重点研发计划“深地资源勘查开采”重点专项解析[J]. 有色金属工程，2018，8（3）：1-6. Fan Jun， Guo Yuanyang， Dong Shuwen. Analysis on DREAM—Deep resources exploration and mining，a special project in the framework of national key R & D program of China[J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering，2018，8（3）：1-6.

5	蔡美峰，薛鼎龙，任奋华.金属矿深部开采现状与发展战略[J]. 工程科学学报，2019，41（4）：417-426. Cai Meifeng， Xue Dinglong， Ren Fenhua. Current status and development strategy of metal mines[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering，2019，41（4）：417-426.

6	Jager A J. Two new support units for the control of rockburst damage[C]// Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Support. Rotterdam: A A Balkema Publishers，1992：621-631.

7	Ortlepp W D. The design of support for the containment of rockburst damage in tunnels-An engineering approach[C]// Kaiser P K，Mccreath D R. Rock Support in Mining and Underground Construction. Rotterdam：Balkema，1992：593-609.

8	Ortlepp W D， Bornman J J， Erasmus P N. The Durabar-a yieldable support tendon-design rational and laboratory results[C]// Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines（RaSiM5）. Johannesburg：South African Institution of Mining and Metallurgy，2001：263-266.

9	Charette F， Plouffe M. Roofex-results of laboratory testing of a new concept of yieldable tendon[C]// Charette F，Plouffe M. Deep Mining 2007 Proceedings. Perth：Australian Centre for Geomechanics，2007：395-404.

10	Varden R， Lachenicht R， Player J，et al. Development and implementation of the Garford dynamic bolt at the Kanowna Belle Mine[C]// The 10th Underground Operators' Conference 2008：Boom and Beyond Proceedings.Launceston：Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy，2008：95-102.

11	Wu Y K， Oldsen J. Development of a new yielding rock bolt—YieldLok bolt[C]// The 44th US Rock Mechanics Symposium-5th US/Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium.Salt Lake City: Curran Associates, Inc.，2010：190-197.

12	Li C C. A new energy-absorbing bolt for rock support in high stress rock masses[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2010，47（3）：396-404.

13	周小平，寿云东，朱嘉毅. 一种自适应摩擦式锚杆：CN208267883U[P].2018-08-24. Zhou Xiaoping， Shou Yundong， Zhu Jiayi. An adaptive friction bolt：CN208267883U[P].2018-08-24.

14	缪协兴. 一种让压玻璃钢锚杆：CN108868853A[P] .2018-11-23. Miao Xiexing. A glass reinforced plastic anchor rod：CN108868853A[P]. 2018-11-23.

15	葛云峰，贺磊，王珏赢，等. 一种新型的抗剪切大变形锚杆：CN108756974A[P]. 2018-11-06. Ge Yunfeng， He Lei， Wang Yuying，et al. A new type of anti-shearing large deformation bolt：CN108756974A[P]. 2018-11-06.

16	吴钟腾，高美奔，张航，等. 一种可延长锚杆：CN108457684A[P].2018-08-28. Wu Zhongteng， Gao Meiben， Zhang Hang，et al. A kind of extendable anchor rod：CN108457684A[P].2018-08-28.

17	贾后省，李国盛，刘少伟，等. 丝杠式恒阻锚杆：CN106869977A[P].2017-06-20. Jia Houxing， Li Guosheng， Liu Shaowei，et al. Screw type constant resistance bolt：CN106869977A[P].2017-06-20.

18	陶志刚，吕谦，赖豪，等. 双级恒阻大变形锚固件：CN107060851A[P].2017-08-18. Tao Zhigang，Lü Qian， Lai Hao，et al. Double-stage constant resistance and large deformation anchor piece：CN107060851A[P].2017-08-18.

19	许兴亮，王东杰，孙大增，等. 一种挤压摩擦式恒阻让压大变形锚杆：CN107218072A[P].2017-09-29. Xu Xingliang， Wang Dongjie， Sun Dazeng，et al. An extrusion friction type constant resistance large deformation anchor bolt：CN107218072A[P].2017-09-29.

20	杨喻声. 一种大尺度让压锚杆特性分析及其应用研究[J]. 隧道建设，2017，37（3）：321-329. Yang Yusheng. Study of performance and application of yielding anchor bolt with large allowable deformation[J]. Tunnel Construction，2017，37（3）：321-329.

21	张彪，张志强，汪波，等. 让压锚杆在大变形隧道支护应用中试验研究[J]. 岩土力学，2016，37（7）：2047-2055. Zhang Biao， Zhang Zhiqiang， Wang Bo，et al. Experimental study of application of yielding bolt to large deformation tunnel[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2016，37（7）：2047-2055.

22	潘一山，孟村影，曾祥华，等. 一种挤压、摩擦式吸能锚杆：CN204082188U[P].2015-01-07. PanYishan， Meng Cunying， Zeng Xianghua，et al. An extrusion，friction type energy absorbing bolt：CN204082188U[P].2015-01-07.

23	冯涛，王平，朱永建，等. 一种大变形恒阻周期性让压锚杆：CN104895597A[P].2015-09-09. Feng Tao， Wang Ping， Zhu Yongjian，et al.A large deformation constant resistance periodic pressure anchor bolt：CN104895597A[P].2015-09-09.

24	郭永建，姜飞，周浩，等. 新型让压锚杆作用机理研究[J]. 力学与实践，2015，37（2）：193-196, 237. Guo Yongjian， Jiang Fei， Zhou Hao，et al. The mechanism of the new-type yielding bolt[J]. Mechanics in Engineering，2015，37（2）：193-196，237.

25	黄屹峰，林超，连小勇，等. 一种摩擦式恒阻大变形锚杆：CN203515628U[P].2014-04-02. Huang Yifeng， Lin Chao， Lian Xiaoyong，et al. A friction type constant resistance and large deformation bolt：CN203515628U[P].2014-04-02.

26	吴学震，乔卫国，蒋宇静，等. 一种新型高强恒阻大变形锚杆：CN202520346U[P].2012-11-07. Wu Xuezhen， Qiao Weiguo， Jiang Yujing，et al. A new type of high strength constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod：CN202520346U[P].2012-11-07.

27	吴顺川，高永涛，白哲. 一种锥阻式摩擦套筒大变形锚杆：CN202228096U[P].2011-06-08. Wu Shunchuan， Gao Yongtao， Bai Zhe. A large deformation bolt with cone resistance friction sleeve：CN202228096U[P].2011-06-08.

28	刘俊超. 抗大变形增阻锚杆的数值模拟研究[D]. 焦作：河南理工大学，2012. Liu Junchao. Numerical Simulation Research of Bolts in Roadway with Large Deformation and Resistance Increasing[D]. Jiaozuo：Henan Polytechnic University，2012.

29	吴顺川，高永涛，白哲. 一种摩擦套筒式大变形锚杆：CN201943725U[P].2011-06-05. Wu Shunchuan， Gao Yongtao， Bai Zhe. A friction sleeve type large deformation bolt：CN201943725U[P].2011-06-05.

30	何满潮，冯吉利. 恒阻大变形锚杆：CN101858225A[P].2010-10-13. He Manchao， Feng Jili. Constant resistance large deformation bolt：CN101858225A[P].2010-10-13.

31	李铀，朱维申，白世伟，等. 一种适用于大变形支护的新型可伸长锚杆[J]. 中南公路工程，2007，32（2）：103-105，127. Li You， Zhu Weishen， Bai Shiwei，et al. New extensible bolt suitable for large deformation support[J]. Central South Highway Engineering，2007，32（2）：103-105，127.

32	何汉生，山军兴. 管缝式可拉伸锚杆：CN 2053666[P].1990-02-28. He Hansheng， Shan Junxing. Pipe seam stretchable bolt：CN 2053666[P].1990-02-28.

33	康红普，何亚男，侯朝炯. 可拉伸锚杆：CN 2057459[P].1990-05-23. Kang Hongpu， He Yanan， Hou Chaojiong. Stretchable bolt：CN 2057459[P].1990-05-23.

34	康红普，何亚男，侯朝炯. 管式摩擦可拉伸锚杆：CN 87207128[P].1988-03-09. Kang Hongpu， He Yanan， Hou Chaojiong. Tube friction stretchable bolt：CN 87207128[P].1988-03-09.

35	何亚男，侯朝炯. 挤压式可拉伸锚杆：CN 87202281[P].1987-12-31. He Yanan， Hou Chaojiong. Extruding stretchable bolt：CN 87202281[P].1987-12-31.

36	周小平，寿云东，朱嘉毅. 一种自适应压剪式锚杆：CN208267884U[P].2018-08-24. Zhou Xiaoping， Shou Yundong， Zhu Jiayi. An adaptive press-shear bolt：CN208267884U[P].2018-08-24.

37	周小平，寿云东，朱嘉毅. 一种自适应释能锚杆：CN208267886U[P].2018-09-28. Zhou Xiaoping， Shou Yundong， Zhu Jiayi. An adaptive release energy bolt：CN208267886U[P].2018-09-28.

38	张玉江，尹生会，杨麦仓. 一种超高强抗腐蚀分级让压锚杆：CN207420604U[P].2018-05-29. Zhang Yujiang， Yin Shenghui， Yang Maicang. A super high strength anti-corrosion grading pressure anchor rod：CN207420604U[P].2018-05-29.

39	刘士雨，冯夏庭，陈炳瑞，等. 拉削式抗岩爆锚杆：CN105041355A[P].2015-11-11. Liu Shiyu， Feng Xiating， Chen Bingrui，et al. Broaching type anti-rock burst bolt：CN105041355A[P].2015-11-11.

40	李新坡，何思明，吴永，等. 一种恒阻大变形锚杆/锚索：CN204060749U[P].2014-12-31. Li Xinpo， He Siming， Wu Yong，et al. A constant resistance large deformation anchor rod/anchor cable：CN204060749U[P].2014-12-31.

41	折惠东，唐可，武光龙. 一种拉压耦合变形锚杆：CN208057139U[P].2018-11-06. Huidong Zhe， Tang Ke， Wu Guanglong. A tension-compression coupling deformation bolt：CN208057139U[P]. 2018-11-06.

42	杜新国，郭锁山，姜立强，等. 一种防拉断大变形锚杆：CN206889004U[P].2018-01-16. Du Xinguo， Guo Suoshan， Jiang Liqiang，et al. A large deformation anchor bolt that prevents tension from breaking：CN206889004U[P].2018-01-16.

43	高美奔，吴钟腾，张航，等. 一种可适应围岩变形的锚杆：CN108343457A[P].2018-07-31. Gao Meiben， Wu Zhongteng， Zhang Hang，et al. A bolt which can adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock：CN108343457A[P].2018-07-31.

44	高美奔，张航，马春驰，等. 一种增阻型锚杆：CN108316957A[P].2018-07-24. Gao Meiben， Zhang Hang， Ma Chunchi，et al. An increased resistance type anchor rod：CN108316957A[P].2018-07-24.

45	殷齐浩，李廷春，李春廷，等. 一种可伸长多级让压锚杆：CN207740025U[P].2018-08-17. Yin Qihao， Li Tingchun， Li Chunting，et al. A extensible multistage letting pressure bolt：CN207740025U[P]. 2018-08-17.

46	许兴亮，王东杰，田素川，等. 一种恒阻大变形让压锚杆或锚索：CN107227967A[P].2017-10-03. Xu Xingliang， Wang Dongjie， Tian Suchuan，et al. A constant resistance large deformation anchor rod or anchor cable：CN107227967A[P].2017-10-03.

47	孙景涛. 一种新型多级让压锚杆：CN206346767U[P].2017-07-21. Sun Jingtao. A new type of multistage pressure anchor rod：CN206346767U[P].2017-07-21.

48	武守鑫. 一种新型多级让压锚杆：CN206144586U[P].2017-05-03. Wu Shouxin. A new type of multistage pressure anchor rod：CN206144586U[P].2017-05-03.

49	张耀辉，寿先淑，刘鹏程，等. 软岩巷道支护恒阻变形锚杆：CN205089342U[P].2016-03-16. Zhang Yaohui， Shou Xianshu， Liu Pengcheng，et al. Soft rock roadway support constant resistance deformation bolt：CN205089342U[P].2016-03-16.

50	王阁. 预应力让压锚杆的数值模拟研究及其应用[D]. 青岛：山东科技大学，2007. Wang Ge. Numerical Simulation of Pre-stressed Yield Bolt Support and Its Application[D]. Qingdao：Shandong University of Science andTechnology，2007.

51	高延法，张文泉，肖洪天，等. 柔刚性可伸缩锚杆：CN 2138193[P].1993-07-14. Gao Yanfa， Zhang Wenquan， Xiao Hongtian，et al. Flexible rigid telescopic bolt：CN 2138193[P].1993-07-14.

52	冯夏庭，赵曰茂. 一种结构精简化的大变形吸能锚杆：CN108547649A[P].2018-09-18. Feng Xiating， Zhao Yuemao. A large deformation energy absorbing bolt with simplified structure：CN108547649A[P].2018-09-18.

53	李鹏.一种吸能—抗震锚杆：CN207609439U[P]. 2018-04-20. Li Peng. An energy absorption-seismic bolt：CN207609439U[P].2018-04-20.

54	张向东，殷福龙，孙汉东. 一种多级让压锚杆：CN108979691A[P].2018-12-11. Zhang Xiangdong， Yin Fulong， Sun Handong. A multistage pressure anchor bolt：CN108979691A[P].2018-12-11.

55	吴学震，王刚，蒋宇静，等. 拉压耦合大变形锚杆作用机理及其试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2015，37（1）：139-147. Wu Xuezhen， Wang Gang， Jiang Yujing，et al. Mechanism of CTC-yield bolts and its experimental research[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2015，37（1）：139-147.

56	樊宝杰. 弯曲式可伸长锚杆的承载特性及应用研究[D]. 长沙：湖南科技大学，2014. Fan Baojie. Load Bearing Characteristic and Application Research of the Bending Extensible Bolt[D]. Changsha：Hunan University of Science and Technology，2014.

57	冯志刚，李夕兵. 可伸缩胀管式锚杆在大变形巷道支护中的应用[J]. 湖南有色金属，1994，10（2）：65-67. Feng Zhigang， Li Xibing. Application of scalable expansion pipe anchor in large deformation roadway support [J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals，1994，10（2）：65-67.

58	何亚男，侯朝炯. 改进型杆体可拉伸锚杆：CN 2081884[P].1991-07-31. He Yanan， Hou Chaojiong. A stretchable bolt with improved stretch bolt body：CN 2081884[P].1991-07-31.

59	何亚男，侯朝炯，康红普. H型杆体可拉伸锚杆：CN 87211250[P].1988-09-07. He Yanan， Hou Chaojiong， Kang Hongpu. A stretchable bolt with H-type bar body：CN 87211250[P].1988-09-07.

60	缪协兴. 一种让压支护锚杆：CN108868852A[P]. 2018-11-23. Miao Xiexing. A pressing support bolt：CN108868852A[P].2018-11-23.

61	姚韦靖，庞建勇. 一种恒阻大变形可拆卸式中空注浆锚杆：CN207420609U[P].2018-05-29. Yao Weijing， Pang Jianyong. A detachable hollow grouting bolt with constant resistance and large deformation：CN207420609U[P].2018-05-29.

Options

文章导航