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Gold Science and Technology ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 687-695.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.05.687

• Mining Technology and Mine Management • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on the Failure Law of Backfill Induced by Blasting Disturbance During Cut and Fill Mining Process

Jun TIAN1(),Jianpo LIU1,2(),Yong YANG3,Changyin ZHANG1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines，Northeastern University，Shenyang 110819，Liaoning，China
    2. Shandong Gold Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Jinan 250014，Shandong，China
    3. Jiaojia Gold Mine，Shandong Gold Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Laizhou 261441，Shandong，China
  • Received:2018-09-23 Revised:2019-01-11 Online:2019-10-31 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Jianpo LIU E-mail:tianjun@mail.neu.edu.cn;liujianpo@mail.neu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

During the mining process by using cut and fill method in Jiaojia gold mine，the blasting compensation space is obtained by squeezing the backfill to avoid cutting holes and improve the mining efficiency. As a result，the strength and self-reliance of backfill are obviously reduced.In addition，due to the heavy production task，the stopes are usually mined while backfill be cured only two or three days.As the insufficient curing，the strength of backfill cannot reached its designed value.Therefore，large scale collapses of backfill are easily occurred during mining process，which impact the safety of operators and equipment.At the same time，the backfill mixed into the ore that results in ore dilution and higher processing cost.To resolve the problems of backfill serious damaged by blasting disturbance and unreasonable design of blasting parameters，numerical studies were carried out by use of LS-DYNA software.The influence factors of backfill damage，including the layout of blast holes and the curing age of backfill，have been analyzed. Mises yield criterion was used to determine the threshold of backfill damage by analyzing Mises effective stress distribution in backfill body. The results show that the damage area of backfill determined by comparing the dynamic tensile strength of backfill with the effective peak stress is feasible. The backfill damage area is closely related with the position of blast holes，and show a negative linear relationship between them，i.e.，the closer of the blast holes to the backfill，the greater damage of the backfill. When the distances between blast hole and backfill increased from 0.2 m to 0.8 m，the damage area of backfill decreased from 1.48 m2 to 0.74 m2. Based on the blasting theory，the process of fracture zone induced by blasting can be divided into two phases. First，the shock wave energy would cause cracks generated around the hole. Then，the quasi-static pressure from the gaseous explosive energy result in the propagation of cracks. The reasonable distance between blast hole and backfill obtained from blasting theory is consistent with the result obtained by numerical simulation. The curing age is deeply influence the backfill damage characteristics. With the curing age prolongs，the damage range of the backfill gradually decreases. Seven days is an important time to influence the strength of backfill. When the curing age of backfill is more than 7 days，the damage zone of backfill remarkably decrease，and vice versa.Take the distance of blast hole is 0.5 m from backfill as an example，backfill damage areas decreased from 2.94 m2 to 0.93 m2 with its curing age prolonged from 3 days to 28 days. According to the above research results，the blast holes arranged from 0.3 m to 0.6 m to backfill and the backfill cured at least 7 days are recommended.

Key words: blasting disturbance, backfill damage, numerical simulation, curing age, blast hole layout, Mises yield criterion

CLC Number: 

  • TD853

Fig.1

Damage range of backfill induced by blasting disturbance"

Fig.2

Calculation model for hole edge distance with 0.3 m"

Table 1

Explosive parameters"

参数名称炸药参数值参数名称炸药参数值
密度/（kg·m-3）1 244R14.2
爆速/（m·s-1）4 200R20.9
爆压/GPa3.16ω0.15
A/GPa214.4E/GPa4.192
B/GPa0.182

Table 2

Material parameters of orebody and backfill"

参数名称充填体参数值（28 d）矿体参数值
密度/（kg·m-3）1 8002 700
弹性模量/GPa0.6520
泊松比0.220.27
屈服强度/MPa1.515
切线模量/GPa0.0652
抗压强度/MPa1.815
C2.5
P4
硬化指数0.5
失效应变0.8

Fig.3

Propagation process of effective stress wave when the hole edge distance is 0.3 m"

Fig.4

Failure depth of backfill under different hole edge distance"

Fig.5

Relationship between backfill failure range and hole edge distance"

Fig.6

Change law of dynamics tensile strength of backfill"

Fig.7

Failure depth of backfill under different curing ages"

Fig.8

Relationship between backfill failure range with curing ages"

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