煤矿下山巷道水与空气不耦合装药爆破技术对比研究

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.05.747

Abstract

Abstract:

The drilling and blasting method of the downhill roadway in China is mostly shallow hole blasting.So during the process of drilling and blasting in the downhill roadway of the coal mine，the utilization of the blasthole is low，the cycle footage is small，the meteorite accumulation after the explosion is head-on，the bottoming phenomenon is serious，and the forming quality of the surrounding part of the roadway is low，greatly affecting the tunneling speed.In order to improve the energy utilization rate and blasting rock breaking effect of the permitted explosives in the third-class coal mine，and to ensure the working efficiency of the mining area，the uncoupling charge structure was optimized，and the air uncoupling and water uncoupling were respectively obtained from the theoretical derivation.The uncoupling charge structure was optimized，and the effects of air uncoupling and water uncoupling charge coefficient on the quasi-static pressure of the explosive gas were obtained by theoretical derivation，and comparative analysis was carried out.Through the laboratory blasting model test，the propagation characteristics of the explosion stress wave under the action of water and air radial uncoupling were studied respectively.The relationship between the peak stress and the proportional distance and the uncoupling coefficient of the measuring point was analyzed，which is verified by theoretical analysis.The results show that the peak value of the explosion stress wave of the water uncoupled charge at the blasthole is higher than that of the air uncoupled charge when the uncoupling coefficient is the same.As the uncoupling coefficient increases，the peak stress of the explosion stress wave at the blasthole decreases.The peak stress of the water uncoupled charge of the same measuring point is 1.15~1.52 times of the peak stress of the air uncoupled charge.The peak stress action time of the water uncoupled charge is longer than the air uncoupled charge.The obtained stress wave and its peak stress are attenuated by the negative power function with the increase of the uncoupling coefficient，and the attenuation of the air uncoupled charge is faster，which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.The water uncoupled charge structure was used for the blasting of the underground tunnel of the coal mine，and achieved a good blasting effect. In the downhill roadway of a coal mine in Guizhou，the conventional air uncoupled charging structure grooving was carried out on the trapezoidal tunneling section.，and the effect was not satisfactory.The water uncoupled charge blasting technology was used to improve the utilization of the blasthole and reduce the rock fragmentation degree，the explosion of the pile，significantly improve the rock crushing effect and slagging efficiency.

Key words: coal mine diphead roadway, excavation blasting, water-uncouple charge, blasting stress wave, decouple coefficient, model test

CLC Number:

TD853

Haixu WANG, Qi ZONG, Haibo WANG, Mengxiang WANG. Water-uncouple Charge Blasting Technology for Diphead Roadway in Coalmine[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2019, 27(5): 747-754.

Figures/Tables 7

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参数	数值	参数	数值
密度/（kg·m^-3）	2	横波波速/（m·s^-1）	2 086
动态弹性模量/GPa	24.7	抗压强度/MPa	28.86
泊松比/μ	0.23	抗拉强度/MPa	1.60
纵波波速/（m·s^-1）	3 788

炮孔直径/ mm	不耦合系数K_d	距离炮孔中心不同距离处的测点压力/MPa
		20 mm		80 mm		140 mm		200 mm
		空气	水	空气	水	空气	水	空气	水
10	1.67	139.4	160.9	105.9	129.0	89.2	112.0	70.2	98.0
12	2.00	100.0	138.5	86.0	121.8	64.0	97.1	60.0	82.0
14	2.33	82.1	112.8	70.4	92.3	56.0	85.5	54.0	70.0
16	2.67	73.8	95.1	58.3	80.4	46.6	70.3	42.8	57.5

Water-uncouple Charge Blasting Technology for Diphead Roadway in Coalmine

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