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Gold Science and Technology ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 908-916.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.06.058

• Mining Technology and Mine Management • Previous Articles    

Process Mineralogy of Quartz Vein Gold Ore in Bamian，Laos

Cailian GUO(),Fangyin NIU,Binglong CHEN,Haijun WANG   

  1. Xi’an Northwest Geological Institute of Nonferrous Metals，Xi’an 710054，Shaanxi，China
  • Received:2020-03-11 Revised:2021-01-07 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-03-07

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Abstract:

The technological type of ore in Bamian，Laos is low sulfide and quartz vein gold ore among which the main recycled element is gold with the grade of 42×10-6.The process mineralogy of gold ore was researched by microscope identification，SEM observation，MLA analysis，EDS analysis and multi-element chemical analysis.In order to find out the occurrence state of gold and provide process mineralogy data support and theoretical basis for the subsequent process design of beneficiation.The results show that：（1）The precious metal mineral is natural gold，which is the main recovered element.The main non-metallic minerals are quartz and plagioclase，the main metallic minerals are pyrite and arsenopyrite，followed by sphalerite.（2）A total of 165 natural gold particles were found in the ore，and the gold minerals are mainly natural gold which average purity is 905.09‰.The shape of natural gold is complex，mainly for the horn-granular and long-granular.The grain size of natural gold is coarser，which included 79.84% of visible gold，and 20.16% of micro gold.（3）The occurrence types of gold included 52.67% of fissure gold，40.33% of intergranular gold and 7.00% inclusion gold.（4）The main gold bearing minerals are arsenopyrite，pyrite，sphalerite，quartz and tourmaline，which closely symbiosis.The occurrence state of gold shows that the main natural gold is fissure gold and intergranular gold，the total of which is 93.00%.Moreover，the granularity of fissure gold and intergranular gold is relatively coarse.Usually the gold in this ore is easy to liberate.The arsenic in gold concentrage will exceed the standard because of the arsenopyrite is the main gold bearing mineral and arsenic bearing mineral. Through the unite gravity-flotation separation process，the gold recovery can reach to 95.5% under the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 75%.The results of this study have found out the occurrence state of gold，filled in the blank of process mineralogy of quartz vein type gold ore and provided the basis for the process design of beneficiation.

Key words: quartz vein type gold ore, natural gold, occurrence state, embedded characteristics, process mineralogy, Laos

CLC Number: 

  • TD953

Table 1

Chemical composition of the gold ore in Bamian，Laos"

成分含量/%成分含量/%
SiO269.12S0.36
Al2O310.66Cu0.0039
TFe2.80Pb0.0015
TiO20.19Zn0.0064
K2O0.86Co0.0015
Na2O3.70As0.057
CaO2.24Au*0.42
MgO0.61Ag*0.057

Table 2

Mineral composition and content of the gold ore"

矿物组成含量/%矿物组成含量/%
石英53.66黄铁矿0.60
斜长石30.27毒砂0.15
绢云母7.30闪锌矿<0.01
方解石4.55黄铜矿少见
绿泥石2.92方铅矿少见
电气石1.15褐铁矿少见
榍石0.15自然金微量
铁白云石少量

Fig.1

Microscopic photographs of structure and texture of quartz-vein type gold ore"

Table 3

Phase analsis of nature gold"

相别含量/（×10-6）占有率/%
合计44.81100
裸露半裸露金44.0098.19
硫化物包裹金0.230.51
硅酸盐包裹金0.160.36
碳酸盐包裹金0.240.54
赤褐铁包裹金0.180.4

Table 4

The EDS Spectrum for gold minerals"

序号AgAu成色/‰赋存状态
平均值9.4990.51905.1
18.7691.24912.4岩石裂隙
28.6991.31913.1毒砂裂隙
311.8288.18881.8毒砂粒间
49.0490.96909.6毒砂—石英粒间
59.1890.82908.2闪锌矿—石英粒间
69.1990.81908.1闪锌矿—黄铁矿粒间
710.3089.70897.0方铅矿—石英粒间
89.2390.77907.7包裹于石英中
99.3490.66906.6包裹于毒砂中
109.3890.62906.2包裹于黄铁矿中

Fig.2

Analysis diagram of energy spectrum of natural gold"

Table 5

Statistics of natural gold morphology"

序号延展率

形态

特征

粒数统计
颗粒数形态分数/%
11.0~1.5角粒状7042.42
尖角粒状1810.91
次圆—浑圆粒状148.48
21.5~3.0长角粒状4728.48
麦粒状31.82
33.0~5.0板片状53.03
叶片状42.42
41.5~5.0枝杈状42.42

Table 6

Granularity statistics and occurrence state of natural gold"

粒级范围/mm粒级相对含量/%累计含量 /%
裂隙金粒间金包裹金
合计52.6740.337.00100.00
0.074~0.037

中粒金

细粒金

19.7513.170.00

32.92

46.92

0.037~0.01023.0521.402.47
≤0.010微粒金9.875.764.5320.16

Fig.3

Main occurrence state of natural gold and its relationship with gold-bearing minerals"

Fig.4

Close-circuit test process of shaker gravity separation-flotation combination"

Table 7

Closed-circuit test results of combined process of shaker gravity separation-flotation"

产品名称产率/%金品位/（×10-6）金回收率/%
合计100.0038.10100.00
精矿11.871 65681.20
精矿21.6632914.34
精矿合计3.531 03195.54
尾矿96.471.764.46
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